CBM Calculator (Cubic Meters for Shipping)
Calculate CBM (cubic meters) for shipping containers and cargo.
Determine how many cartons fit in a container and estimate freight volume.
What Is CBM? CBM stands for Cubic Meter — the standard unit for measuring cargo volume in international shipping and freight logistics. One CBM equals a cube 1 meter long x 1 meter wide x 1 meter high (1,000 liters or approximately 35.3 cubic feet).
The CBM Formula CBM = Length (m) x Width (m) x Height (m). For multiple cartons of the same size: Total CBM = Length x Width x Height x Quantity. If dimensions are in centimeters, divide by 1,000,000 (or divide each dimension by 100 first). If in inches, multiply the result by 0.0000164.
Standard Container Capacities The 20-foot container (TEU — Twenty-foot Equivalent Unit) has an internal volume of approximately 33.2 CBM, but usable volume is typically 25-28 CBM due to loading constraints. The 40-foot container has approximately 67.7 CBM internal, with 55-60 CBM usable. The 40-foot high-cube container has approximately 76.3 CBM internal, with 65-68 CBM usable.
Why CBM Matters for Pricing LCL (Less than Container Load) ocean freight is priced per CBM or per metric ton — whichever is greater (the “revenue ton” concept). Air freight uses volumetric weight: CBM x 167 kg gives the volumetric weight for comparison against actual weight. Understanding CBM helps importers and exporters estimate shipping costs accurately.
Loading Efficiency Real-world container loading rarely achieves 100% of internal volume. Irregular carton shapes, stacking limitations, and access space reduce usable volume. Professional loading typically achieves 80-90% efficiency. For planning purposes, using 85% of internal volume is a common rule of thumb.