Wood Stain Coverage Calculator

Wood stain coverage depends on the porosity of the wood, the type of stain, and the application method. One gallon of stain typically covers 150–400 square feet depending on these factors.

Coverage by stain type:

• Semi-transparent stain — 150–250 sq ft/gallon. Shows wood grain, absorbs deeply into porous wood. Best for new wood.
• Solid/opaque stain — 200–350 sq ft/gallon. Hides grain, acts more like paint. Better coverage per gallon.
• Transparent/clear sealer — 200–400 sq ft/gallon. Minimal pigment, fastest application.
• Gel stain — 100–150 sq ft/gallon. Thick consistency, best for vertical surfaces and non-porous wood.

Wood porosity matters:

• Softwoods (pine, cedar, redwood) absorb more stain → lower coverage
• Hardwoods (oak, maple, mahogany) absorb less → higher coverage
• Rough-sawn lumber absorbs 20–40% more than smooth-planed lumber
• Weathered/dry wood absorbs more than new wood

Application method:

• Brush: Best absorption, uses the most stain
• Roller: Good coverage, moderate absorption
• Sprayer: Fastest, uses least stain but may need back-brushing

Number of coats: Most projects need 2 coats. The first coat soaks in, the second provides even color. On very porous or new wood, the first coat may be absorbed entirely.

Common project areas:

• Standard deck (12 × 16 ft): ~400 sq ft (deck + railings)
• Privacy fence (6 ft × 50 ft section): ~600 sq ft (both sides)
• Picnic table: ~40 sq ft
• Adirondack chair: ~20 sq ft

Tip: Always stir stain thoroughly before and during application. Pigment settles to the bottom and inconsistent mixing creates uneven color. Test on a hidden area first — stain color on raw wood looks very different from the can lid sample.