3D Printing Formulas
Reference formulas for FDM and resin 3D printing: volumetric flow, steps per mm, cure depth, thermal expansion, PID tuning, and more.
FDM Line Width Formula
How FDM line width relates to nozzle diameter, layer height, and extrusion multiplier. Covers cross-section geometry and the 100-125% width guideline.
PID Tuning Formula for 3D Printers
How PID control regulates hotend and bed temperature in 3D printers. Covers Kp, Ki, Kd terms, autotune commands, and common temperature oscillation causes.
Pressure Advance Formula
How Klipper Pressure Advance and Marlin Linear Advance work. Explains the K factor, elastic filament path, how to read calibration prints, and tuning steps.
Resin Cure Depth Formula
The Beer-Lambert cure depth formula for SLA and MSLA resin printing: Cd = Dp x ln(E/Ec). Explains exposure, overcure, and layer thickness trade-offs.
Steps Per mm Formula
Steps per mm formulas for belt axes and leadscrew Z. Covers motor steps, microstepping, pulley teeth, belt pitch, and leadscrew lead with examples.
Thermal Expansion in 3D Printing
How thermal expansion affects 3D printed part dimensions. The delta-L = alpha x L0 x delta-T formula for FDM, resin, and metal printing with worked examples.
Volumetric Flow Rate Formula
Reference for the FDM volumetric flow formula Q = h x w x v. Includes hotend flow limits by nozzle size, under-extrusion causes, and worked examples.