Economics
Economics calculators for GDP, inflation, elasticity, surplus, and market equilibrium.
Covers CPI, the Gini coefficient, and the money multiplier.
Micro and macro fundamentals: elasticity, surplus, market structure, national accounts and growth. 40 calculators, roughly a first-year economics course.
The Gini coefficient is the page worth opening if you only open one, because the number is quoted constantly and understood rarely. It runs 0 to 1, where 0 is everyone holding an identical share and 1 is one person holding everything. Most developed countries sit between 0.25 and 0.40. What the single figure hides is where the inequality is: two countries can share a Gini of 0.35 with completely different shapes, one with a thin very rich layer and one with a large poor one. The page draws the Lorenz curve alongside the number for that reason.
The Big Mac index started as a joke in The Economist in 1986 and turned out to track long-run exchange rate movements better than it had any right to. It is purchasing power parity with one basket item, and the reason it works at all is that a burger bundles local rent, wages, beef and regulation into one price.
Comparative advantage is where the counterintuitive result lives: a country worse at producing everything still gains from trade. The page works the opportunity costs so the result stops feeling like a trick.
Marginal Revenue Calculator
Calculate marginal revenue MR = ΔTR/ΔQ from two revenue-quantity points or from price and elasticity. Includes profit-max guidance with MR=MC rule.
Lerner Index Calculator
Calculate the Lerner Index L = (P − MC)/P to measure market power. From 0 (perfect competition) to 1 (pure monopoly), with implied price elasticity of demand.
Marginal Cost Calculator
Compute marginal cost MC = ΔTC/ΔQ from before-and-after production figures. Compare to marginal revenue to find the profit-maximizing output.
Big Mac Index Calculator
Compare currency purchasing power using the Big Mac Index. Enter prices in two countries to see implied exchange rate and currency over- or undervaluation.
Cobb-Douglas Production Function
Calculate output, marginal products, and returns to scale using the Cobb-Douglas function Y = A × K^α × L^(1-α). Standard macroeconomic production model.
Consumer Price Index (CPI) Calculator
Calculate CPI and inflation rate from a basket of goods. Enter quantities and prices for up to three items in base and current periods.
Cournot Duopoly Nash Equilibrium Calculator
Calculate Nash equilibrium output, market price, and firm profits for a two-firm Cournot duopoly with linear demand and constant marginal costs.
Hotelling Rule Resource Price Calculator
Apply Hotelling's rule to find the optimal price path for an exhaustible resource. Shows how the royalty grows at the rate of interest over time.
Money Supply Calculator (M1 and M2)
Break down money supply into M1 and M2 components. Enter currency, demand deposits, savings, and money market balances to calculate each monetary aggregate.
Laffer Curve Tax Revenue Calculator
Model how tax revenue changes across tax rates. Find the revenue-maximizing rate and visualize the Laffer curve trade-off between rate and economic base.
Phillips Curve Inflation Calculator
Estimate inflation using the Phillips curve trade-off between unemployment and prices. Enter expected inflation, NAIRU, sensitivity, and unemployment rate.
Solow Growth Model Steady State
Calculate Solow model steady-state capital and output per worker. Enter savings rate, depreciation, and capital share to find the long-run growth equilibrium.
Money Multiplier Calculator
Calculate the banking money multiplier from reserve requirements. See how much money banks create from a monetary base through lending and credit expansion.
Unit Labor Cost Calculator
Calculate unit labor cost from wages and worker output. Compare two periods to measure competitiveness and track changes in labor productivity over time.
HHI Calculator (Herfindahl-Hirschman Index)
Calculate market concentration with the Herfindahl-Hirschman Index from up to 10 firm market shares. Used by DOJ and FTC for antitrust merger review.
AVC Calculator (Average Variable Cost)
Calculate Average Variable Cost from total variable cost and quantity produced. Includes Average Fixed Cost and Average Total Cost when fixed cost provided.
Aggregate Demand Calculator (C + I + G + NX)
Calculate aggregate demand using AD = C + I + G + NX. Shows each component share of total demand with a breakdown of consumption, investment, and trade.
Comparative Advantage Calculator
Calculate comparative advantage and opportunity cost between two producers or countries to determine who should specialize in what.
Cost-Benefit Analysis Calculator
Calculate net present value, benefit-cost ratio, and payback period for a project or investment decision using CBA methodology.
Market Equilibrium Calculator
Find equilibrium price and quantity from linear supply and demand equations. See what happens when supply or demand shifts.
Pigouvian Tax (Externality) Calculator
Calculate the optimal Pigouvian tax needed to correct a negative externality and restore the socially efficient output level.
Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) Exchange Rate Calculator
Calculate the PPP-implied exchange rate between two countries and compare it to the market rate to find over- or undervaluation.
Break-Even Point Calculator
Break-even point in units and revenue from fixed costs, price and variable cost, plus contribution margin, margin of safety and the short-run shutdown price.
Deadweight Loss Calculator
Calculate the deadweight loss caused by price floors, price ceilings, or per-unit taxes. Measure the welfare cost of market distortions.
Gini Coefficient Calculator
Calculate the Gini coefficient to measure income or wealth inequality. Enter income shares by group to compute the Gini index and plot the Lorenz curve.
Inflation Purchasing Power Calculator
Calculate how inflation erodes purchasing power over time. See the real value of money in future dollars and the percentage lost to inflation.
Keynesian Multiplier Effect Calculator
Calculate the Keynesian spending multiplier and its total impact on GDP. See how an initial injection ripples through the economy round by round.
Price Elasticity of Supply Calculator
Calculate the price elasticity of supply (PES) using the standard or midpoint method. Determine if supply is elastic, inelastic, or unit elastic.
Velocity of Money Calculator
Calculate the velocity of money using the Fisher equation (MV = PQ). Find how fast money circulates or the money supply needed for any target velocity.
Accounting Profit vs Economic Profit Calculator
Calculate accounting profit and economic profit. Understand the difference between explicit costs, implicit costs, and opportunity cost in business decisions.
Consumer Surplus Calculator
Calculate consumer surplus using the linear demand triangle formula or a manual demand schedule. Understand economic welfare and willingness to pay.
GDP Deflator Calculator
Calculate the GDP deflator, real GDP, nominal GDP, or inflation rate between two years. Includes comparison with CPI and context on real vs nominal GDP growth.
GDP per Capita Calculator
Calculate GDP per capita (nominal or PPP-adjusted), compare living standards across countries, and measure year-over-year growth.
Labor Force Participation Rate Calculator
Calculate the labor force participation rate (LFPR) from employment, unemployment, and working-age population figures. Includes US historical context.
Marginal Utility Calculator
Calculate marginal utility from total utility values. Find the point of maximum utility, diminishing returns, and display a complete MU table.
National Income Calculator
Calculate national income using the income approach (wages, rent, interest, profit) or the expenditure approach (GDP minus depreciation and indirect taxes).
Price Elasticity of Demand Calculator
Calculate price elasticity of demand (PED), income elasticity (YED), and cross-price elasticity (XED) using the standard or midpoint method.
Producer Surplus Calculator
Calculate producer surplus from supply curve data. Understand economic welfare, profit relationships, and total market surplus with this economics calculator.
Real vs Nominal GDP Calculator
Convert between real and nominal GDP using the GDP deflator. Also calculate GDP growth rate between two years. Includes worked examples.
Total Surplus Calculator
Consumer surplus, producer surplus and total welfare from supply and demand intercepts, plus the deadweight loss of a per-unit tax and who ends up paying it.